As far as social go the Aryans grew fast. They grew larger and larger. Soon they became a good sized community. They were social in many ways. One of the biggest ways that they grew socially was when they traded. They moved a lot. However once they settled in the river valley. When they moved there, they were Nomads. But once they got settled there they became farmers. They planted seeds to grow food. People in ancient India had a class system. Above all people were voids that were in the sky. On top of the human world was the Bhramin. Bhramin were priests and academics. Then right below them were the Kshatryia. The Kshatryia were the warriors and the kings. Next class down were the Vaishya. The Vaishya was merchants and landowners. Second to last was the Sudra. The Sudra was the commoners, peasants and servants. Last up under everyone were the Untouchables. The Untouchables were Outcasts, street sweepers and latrine cleaners.
Political
People in India traded a lot which is mostly how they got their resources. Trading helped expand their community. Trading also helps the arm people live. It brought in tools, food, and much more that they needed to get along. Resources were low just because they didn't have many things to live off of. They learned how to grow food which is why they depended on monsoons. They lived off what they grew (food was a lot of their resources). Ancient India had a few laws. One of the biggest ones was that they could not ever go into a different caste. They stayed in the same caste their whole life. If you were born into the caste of Vaishya you stayed their for ever until they pasted away. This law was always used and was very important!
Religion
They were Polytheistic. They believed in many gods. They had three main religions. Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism. Jainism In Jainism they had a teaching. This teaching was to never harm living thing or creatures. This teaching was named Ahimsa. Buddhism Buddhism was to worship Buddha. Buddha was the religious god to the people who believed in Buddhism. Hinduism Is one of the couple oldest religions in the world. So it is pretty old. These people believe in a spirit named Brahman. Brahman is known as a great spirit. They think that every soul will soon go to be with Brahman. These people also believe that every living thing and even some of other gods are part of Brahman.
Intellectual
Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa were huge cities that had populations of around 35,000 in each city. Their streets were paved with brick and smaller unpaved side streets. To protect the people, a fortress was made. Indus valley people did not leave any written records. Experts has however studied what was still left of the cities to try to learn what their lives were like there. They thin in that the royal palace and the temple could have been built inside a fortress together. Houses Their houses had flat roofs, wells, enclosed courtyards and indoor bathrooms. They had pipes to take wastewater out of their homes to pits outside the walls of the city. Their houses also had their own that went to bins made of led in the streets. Houses were made of bricks of mud that were baked in their ovens. Their houses were very livable. They had great houses
Technology
Their first wringing or language was Sanskrit. Sanskrit was their way to keep track of the belongings such as their food and tools, they used Sanskrit all the time and it was very useful to people in ancient Egypt. Sanskrit was a very, very helpful way to also count. But soon they developed it into what we use now, the alphabet. Their farming was important also. They grew many things which kept them alive. They grew things like rice, barley, wheat, and peas. They also grew non-food things like cotton. Unlike modern center is ancient India had very little food to eat. Now in modern times we can get whatever we want. They took their food for granted they were proud with what they had, even though they kept on growing. They had many things that made life easier for them and for us now. They made many things that they used a lot. Things like clay pots, cotton cloths, metal tools, ivory and gold, toys, and they made jewelry from shells. These things were used daily and people made them constantly. The people who made them were smart. Most of these people however were city-dwellers. Even who they were didn't stop them from making these amazing things that helped ancient India develop. Some of these items are still used today!
Environment
Climate Monsoons were normal in India. Monsoons are strong winds. In the winter monsoon blows cold, dry air which comes from the mountains. In the summer monsoons bring warms wet air that comes from the Arabian sea. Borders The Himalaya blocked of India from the rest if Asia. The Himalaya mountains made India a subcontinent. Water features Indus and Ganges Rivers are located in northern India. The Indus goes through southwest into the Arabian Sea. The Ganges flows southeast into the Indian Ocean. The water is made by the melting snow in the Himalaya. This made it easy for people to get water.